TUGAS 2 BAHASA INGGRIS BISNIS 2 : MODALS

MODALS

Modals adalah adalah kata yang ditempatkan sebelum main verb (kata kerja utama) untuk memodifikasi makna dari kata kerja utama tersebut.

Macam-macam Modals :

Can – Could

May – Might

Must – Has/Have to

Shall – Should – Ought to

Will – Would – (be) going to

Terdapat juga kata yang memiliki makna yang sama dengan modals tersebut, seperti (be) able to yang memiliki makna yang sama dengan can/could. He doing to dan be about to juga memiliki makna yang sama dengan will/shall, begitu juga dengan perhaps, probable, possible, be supposed to yang memiliki makna yang sama dengan may/might.

FUNCTION

Fungsi	Contoh Kalimat
Can
Can digunakan untuk menyatakan  ability (kemampuan)	You can buy anything with your money but you can not buy love.
Modal verb ini dapat digunakan untuk meminta izin (permission)	Can I borrow your car for one night?
Could
Could digunakan untuk menyatakan ability (kemampuan) dimasa lalu (past).	You could run faster than me two years ago.
Modal verb ini dapat digunakan untuk meminta izin (permission) untuk melakukan sesuatu dimasa lalu (past) atau masa depan (future).	Could I use your computer to print and scan?
May
May untuk menyatakan possibility (kemungkinan) dimasa sekarang (present) dan masa depan (future).	He may work out and consume healthy food every day.
	You may forget the embarrassing incident tomorrow.
Modal verb ini untuk meminta izin (permission) yang lebih formal daripada modal verb can.	May I go home now?
Might
Sama seperti may, modal verb ini digunakan untuk menyatakan  possibility (kemungkinan) dimasa sekarang (present) dan masa depan (future)[1]. Might dapat ditambahkan primary  auxiliary verb have untuk menyatakan probability dimasa lalu (past). Modal verb ini digunakan untuk menyatakan hypothetical situation yang terbukti tidak terjadi[2], lain halnya dengan may yang belum terbukti[3].	You might forget the embarrassing accident tomorrow.[1]
	The doctor might  have warned you not to eat red meat.[2] (Dikatakan setelah diketahui fakta: The doctor has not warned–Dokter belum melarang.)
	The doctor may have warned you not to eat red meat.[3] (Faktanya: belum diketahui)
Might merupakan bentuk past  dari may dimana digunakan untuk meminta izin (permission) yang lebih  formal daripada modal verb could. Dibanding may, Might lebih tentatif (tidak pasti) kejadiannya.	If I have cleaned the room, might I play with my friend?
Will
Will untuk menyatakan willingness  (kemauan). Willingness dapat diungkapkan dalam conditional sentence type 1 maupuninvitation (undangan/ajakan)	I will help you if you help yourself first.
	Will you marry me?
Modal verb ini untuk membuat  keputusan secara spontan/tanpa rencana (simple future tense).	I will give you a glass of water.
	I think I will change my appearance.
Will untuk membuat prediksi.	The sandstorm will come tonight.
Would
Sama seperti will, modal verb ini dapat digunakan untuk menyatakan  willingness (kemauan), namun lebih polite (sopan).	Would you like to see my craft?
Modal verb ini menyatakan sense of probability (kemungkinan).	He would be free tonight.
Would dipadukan dengan auxiliary  have untuk membentuk conditional sentence type 3. Would disini untuk menyatakan tindakan yang ingin  dilakukan dimasa lalu.	If you had remembered to invite me, I would have  attended your party.
(be) going to
Digunakan untuk menyatakan rencana	I am going to have holiday in Bali
	She is not going to meet the CEO today
Shall
Shall [British English][1]  digunakan untuk menyatakan simple future seperti halnya will namun hanya digunakan pada first person  (orang pertama) I dan we. Shall [US English][2] jarang digunakan selain  untuk polite question untuk first person.	We shall overcome it someday.[1]
	Shall we pay a call him?[2]
	Shall I give you some advice?[2]
Modal verb ini untuk menyatakan  obligation (kewajiban) pada formal situation (yang dapat berupa legal document maupun pada saat meeting. Pada situasi ini, baik second maupun  third person dapat digunakan dengan  modal verb ini.	The Human Resource manager shall report the employee performance.
Should
Should untuk memberi suggestion  (saran) atau advice (nasehat).	You should see the doctor.
	We should meet more often.
Ought to
Ought to digunakan untuk menyatakan  apa yang benar atau tepat	I ought to wear high-quality running shoes.
	We ought to select the best candidate for the job.
Must
Must dipadukan dengan not untuk menyatakan prohibition (larangan)	You mustn’t give up.
Modal verb ini mengekspresikan  obligation (kewajiban) atau necessity  (kebutuhan).	We must go to bed now.
Has/Have to
Has/Have to digunakan untuk mengekspresikan kewajiban yang kuat karena ada campur tangan dari pihak luar yang membuat adanya kewajiban tersebut.	He has to type the letter now.
	We have to obey our parents.
Modal verb ini memiliki bentuk  lampau Had to	I had to pay bill yesterday

Perbedaan (Difference)

1.  Menyatakan Kemampuan

Can dipakai untuk menunjukkan kemampuan/izin di masa sekarang (present), sedangkan could dipakai untuk menunjukkan kemampuan/izin di masa lampau (past). Dalam kasus permohonan/menyatakan izin could lebih sopan daripada can.

2.  Menyatakan Perkiraan

Modals yang dipakai yaitu will, shall. Will dan shall mempunyai arti akan. Will bisa dipakai untuk semua subjek, sedangkan shall hanya untuk I dan we.

3.  Menyatakan Kemauan (willingness)

Modals yang dipakai yaitu will, would you like…? Will dan would you like…? digunakan untuk bentuk waktu sekarang (present) dan yang akan datang (future). Would you like dipakai dalam kalimat pertanyaan dan merupakan ungkapan penawaran yang lebih formal daripada will.

4.  Menunjukkan Permintaan

Modals yang dipakai yaitu may, could, can, might (dengan subjek I) dan would, will, could, can (dengan subjek you). Untuk meminta sesuatu/meminta izin, gunakan may I, could I, can I atau might I. May dan Could adalah ungkapan yang sopan dan formal. Sedangkan Can ungkapan yang informal (biasanya digunakan kepada teman). Might cukup sopan, tapi jarang digunakan.

Sedangkan untuk meminta tolong kepada orang lain, gunakan would you, will you, could you, dan can you. Would you, will you, dan could you digunakan untuk situasi formal, tetapi would you sering dianggap lebih sopan. Can you digunakan untuk situasi informal.

5.  Menyatakan Keharusan

Modals yang dipakai yaitu must dan have to. Must dan have to digunakan untuk menunjukkan keharusan di masa sekarang (present). Must menunjukkan tingkat keharusan yang lebih kuat dibandingkan have to.

6.  Menyatakan Kepastian

Modals yang dipakai yaitu must, may, might, can (positif) dan could not, cannot, must not, may not, might not (negatif). Untuk menyatakan kepastian di kalimat positif, gunakan must (pasti), may/might/can (mungkin). Semuanya dalam bentuk waktu sekarang (present). Tingkat kepastian untuk must 95%, sedangkan may/might/can kurang dari 50%.

Untuk menyatakan kepastian dalam kalimat negatif, gunakan could not/cannot/must not (tidak mungkin), may not/might not (mungkin tidak). Could not dan cannot tingkat kepastiannya sekitar 99%, must not sekitar 95%, may not dan might not kurang dari 50%. Semuanya dalam bentuk sekarang (present).

EXAMPLE

1.  Can/Could

Can

•     I can cook very well.

•     I can call you if I have finished my work.

•     Can I borrow your book?

Could

•     I could not sing this song beautifully.

•     I could not listen to what he said.

•     Could I use your phone?

2.  May/Might

May

•     Tia does not come to the class, she may get up late.

•     May I ask you a question?

Might

•     You might meet your mom.

•     I might not go with you tonight.

3.  Must/ Has to/Have to

Must

•     You must pay all of these.

•     After studying all the day, you must be so tired.

•     Since you do not practice seriously, you must not Win the dance competition.

Has/Have to

•     My mom says that I have to go to school before the day gets rain.

•     They sometimes have to work on Sunday.

•     She has to deliver excellent customer service.

4.  Shall/Should/Ought to

Shall

•     You shall ask me if you want this food.

•     We shall return the books this weekend.

Should

•     You look so tired, you should take a rest.

•     She should tell me where she will go

Ought to

•     You ought to follow the course to improve your knowledge

•     We ought to save our environment

5.  Will/Would/ (be) going to

Will

•     I will go to Bandung.

•     I will lend you the book.

•     My parents will buy a new house if they have sold the old house.

Would

•     I would visit Lombok last semester but I did not have money. 

•     Would you please tell when the train leaves?

•     Your father would be proud of you.

(be) going to

•     I am going to help her.

•     We are not going to paint our bedroom tomorrow.

References :
https://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-modal-auxiliary-verbs (28-April-2017)
http://kelasbahasainggris.com/penjelasan-lengkap-modals/# (28-April-2017)
http://www.geniuslang.com/2016/05/auxiliary-verb-modals.html (28-April-2017)

Tugas 1 Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

 Nama : Fakhri Dipo Yulianto

 NPM  : 2C214794

 Kelas : 3EB31

Equal Comparisons, Unequal Comparisons, Double Comparatives, And Superlative.

1.      Equal Comparisons : Imply that two or more entities are equal in a way.

    Example:

 - Accretia is as strong as bellato and cora

 - Bellato charming as well as accretia

 - Cora habit not as well mannered as accretia

2.    Unequal Comparisons : Imply that two or more entities are comparable to a  greater or lesser degree.

    Example:

 -  Accretia is more popular than cora

 - Accretia is more younger than bellato

 - Cora is not more stronger than bellato

3.    Double Comparatives : are phrases commonly used in English to express increasing or decreasing returns.

     Example:

 - The more frequently Accretia practice, the stronger he will be

 - The more Bellato body pain, the swords specialist he became

 - The more Cora cook, the more professional chef he fell

4.      Superlatives : to say what thing or person has the most of a particular quality within a group or of its kind.

    Example:

 - Accretia is the annoyed of them all

 - Cora behaves the most kindest of all

 - Bellato is not the most careless in the group 

Tugas 4 Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 1

Claim Letter

Accretia’s Company, Ltd

Jl. Swakarsa, Jakarta Barat

――――――――――――――――――――――

Telp. (021) 8886795  • www.accretiacompany.co.id

January 10, 2017

Mr. Haryo Pramudito
Customer Services Manager
Pakubuana Company
Malaysia


Dear Haryo Pramudito

In a recent shipment from Pakubuana Company, we found ten of Tube lights in a damaged condition. We are not sure whether the damage has been caused by poor handling or wrong packing.

While placing the order, I clearly mentioned that we required these goods quickly and to be handled ‘with care’ while delivery. Although we received such goods in time but five damaged goods caused serious problems to the need of our valued customers.


We are returning the ten damaged Tube lights.

Please send us five new tube lights before 15th January, to enable us to satisfy our customers need.

Thank you for your attention to this matter.



Yours faithfully



Fakhri Dipo Yulianto
Purchasing Supervisor

SOFTSKILL TUGAS 3

* Requesting a Service


￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣
February 19, 2016
Ritz-Carlton Hotel

Jl. DR. Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung Kav.E.1.1 no.1, Mega Kuningan
Jakarta, 12950 Indonesia

Dear Sir/Madam,

I tried reaching you on phone but could not connect. I am the Human Resources Development team of Yahoo would like to book a conference hall in your hotel. We need to conduct a training session for the newly joined employees.
We are planning to run this event on 10th and 11th of August from 8 am to 2 pm. According to my estimations, I will need to be accommodated for at least a hundred people. We will need a big conference hall to accommodate our members and a smaller room next to conference hall.
We will need fourty round tables with ten chairs in each table, a microphone wireless, a projector and a good sound system in the conference hall. In the smaller room, we need three rectangular tables, three sofas, and a monitor.
We would also like the hotel to arrange for lunch. I would appreciate your faxing me the menu choices as soon as possible, but no later than Saturday, August 3th.
We would like to know the projected costs for our two days event. You do not need to include the lunch catering costs at this time. Could you fax or e-mail me your cost projections by 30th? I will give you the final confirmation of our reservation by close of  business on the 30th.
I want to thank you for your help. Please feel free to reach me at 021-88689545 to decide on a face to face meeting in order to discuss everything in detail. Hope to get the venue for those dates and information regarding the terms and conditions.


Best Wishes

Fakhri Dipo Yulianto
Human Resources Development Team

 *Confirming a Service



￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣￣
                                                               Ritz-Carlton Hotel
                             Jl. DR. Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung Kav.E.1.1 no.1, Mega Kuningan
                                                             Jakarta, 12950 Indonesia 

February 21, 2016
Mr. Fakhri Dipo Yulianto
Human Resources Development Team
Yahoo
Jakarta, 454894

Dear Mr. Fakhri

Thank you for your February 19 letter expressing interest in Ritz-Carlton Hotel. This letter will confirm your plan to book a conference hall in our hotel.

We understand your company would like to reserve our conference facilities August 10 and 11. At least a hundred people will attend your meeting. Your will need a big conference hall and a smaller room next to conference hall.

As you requested, we will provide Fourty round tables with ten chairs in each table, a microphone wireless, and a projector in the conference hall, as well as a sound system. We understand that you are bringing your own computer. We need to know the computer’s model and operating system. Please provide us this information one week before the start of the conference.

In the smaller room, we will provide three rectangular tables, three sofas, and a monitor. Please let us know whether you want a small or long sofa. This request can be submitted one week before the conference.

We will provide a buffet lunch. The menu choices were faxed to you yesterday. Please tell us your menu selections one week before the conference.

As you requested, I faxed the projected cost yesterday. After you decide on required equipment and the type of lunch, we can finalize the cost estimate.

I appreciate having the opportunity to plan your meeting. We invited you to come to our hotel to look our facilities and face to face meeting in order to discuss everything in detail anytime you can.



Sincerely,


Haryo Pramudito
Meeting Planner

SOFTSKILL TUGAS 2 (DIALOG BISNIS DAN SURAT BISNIS)

Dialog 1 Membuat Perjanjian Rapat ( Making Appointment )

Secretary      :  Good Morning, PT  Trakindo, can I help you ?

Cassanova    :  Hello, could I speak Mr Guanyu, please ?

Secretary      :  Who’s calling ?

Cassanova    :  My name is Cassanova as secretary Mr Nakula from PT Aetherion, would

like to speak with Mr Guanyu as Director of PT Trakindo 

Secretary      :  I’m sorry, Mr Guanyu weren’t in place, He was there on a

business trip to Yogyakarta. Is there a message to be conveyed to him ?

Cassanova    :  Yes, Mr Nakula, as leader we want to hold a meeting with Mr Guanyu to discuss cooperation matters concerning shopping centers in Cepu

Secretary      :  Can tell in details the date, time and place of the meeting ?

Cassanova    :  The meeting will be conducted on Wednesday, November 9th, 2016 at

07.00 pm located at Bamboo Sanjaya Jl. Rembang no.22 Cepu.

Secretary      :  May I know the address and phone number of the PT Aetherion?

Cassanova    :  Our office at Jl. Tarumanegara 3 Cepu and contact telephone (021) 898765478

Secretary      :  Okay, I will pass the message to Mr Guanyu, and for further

confirmation, I’ll call back

Cassanova    :  Okey, thank you

Dialog 2 Dokumen Yang Dibawa Saat Rapat

Receptionist   : Good afternoon, PT Timur Nusantara, can I help you ?

Liu Bei           : Hello, could I speak to Airlangga, please ?

Receptionist   : Who’s calling ?

Liu Bei           : My name is Liu Bei 

Receptionist   : Could you please spell that, please ?

Liu Bei           : Yes It’s L-I-U-B-E-I

Receptionist   : Okay hold on a sec I’ll transfer your call

Liu Bei           : Thank you

...........................................................................................................................................

Airlangga       : Hello

Liu Bei           : Is this Airlangga ?

Airlangga       : Yes, I’m Airlangga 

Liu Bei           : I would like to remind, for meeting today regarding the introduction

of the product, please bring the proporsal as well as other planning

documents, and is expected at 4 pm, you are already present in the

meeting room

Airlangga       : Okay sir, I will come on time

Liu Bei           : Okay

Airlangga       : Thank you

 Dialog 3 Pembatalan Perjanjian ( Cancelling Appointment )

Secretary         :   Good morning, PT Aetherion, can I help you ?

Sutasoma        :   Hello, could I speak to Mr Nakula, please ?

Secretary         :   who’s calling ?

Sutasoma        :   I’am Sutasoma  director of PT RachTech . Can I speak to Mr. Nakula,

Director of PT Aetherion ?

Secretary         :   Could you please spell that, please ?

Sutasoma        :   Yes, It's S-U-T-A-S-O-M-A

Secretary         :   Sorry Sir, Mr Nakula was in a meeting. There is a message that

I can say ? 

Sutasoma        :   Yes, please pass a message to Mr Nakula if I can’t attend a meeting

Thursday tommorow, because  official duties to Solo is important

and can’t be represented. I have held appointment with Mr Nakula,

please convey my apology to Mr Nakula

Secretary         :   Yes, Mr Sutasoma, I will convey the message to Mr Nakula

Sutasoma        :   Ok, Thank you

  

BUSINESS LETTER

                                                                             Surabaya, 31 Mei 2016

Subject : Letter of cooperation

To : Mr. Guanyu

Jl. Kepatihan Timur

Solo

Dear Mr. Guanyu

        This email is to invite you to a meeting to discuss cooperation between the introduction of new products our company. This meeting will be held on 3 November 2016, in the hall building in our company, In Jl. Kepatihan, North Solo, Solo

       The reason for inviting you is to build in the cooperation that we have made

and  the sense of kinship between our companies together. The meeting will also discuss  further about the steps we are going to do to advance our company together. This meeting will also be attended by all representatives of the branches of our company.  The event starts from 09:00 pm and will end at 15:00 pm. It would be an honor for us if you and the whole manager of PT Trakindo  attend the event.

 

Yours sincerely